Tiruvannamalai Demography: As per Census 2001 and 2011, the district population is approximately 2.47 million as opposed to 2.19 million in 2001. The decadal growth rate of the population in the district is 12.75 percent. The density of the population in the district is 473 persons per sq.km in 2011, as against 424 in 2001, which is due to the increased population.

Tiruvannamalai stands 13th in population among the districts of Tamil Nadu in 2011, as against 15th position in 2001. The district has 79.9 percent of its population living in rural areas and 20.1 percent living in urban areas, and the district has four municipalities. The percentage variation since the previous census is 10.48 in rural areas and 23.85 in urban areas. This shows that the increase in urban population is comparatively at a faster rate than the rural population.

District Basic Demographic Indicators

The sex ratio works out to 994 (1,238,688 men and 1,230,277 women) in 2011 as compared to 995 (1,095,859 men and 1,090,266 women) in 2001 in the district, which is slightly lower than the sex ratio of the State which is 996. The Child Sex Ratio as per Census 2011 was 930 compared to 948 of Census 2001.

In 2011, children in the age group of 0-6 years were 11.06 percent as against 11.95 percent in 2001. Among the social groups, the percentage share of Scheduled Caste (SC) is 22.93 as per Census 2011 as against 21.4 percent of Census 2001 and that of Scheduled Tribes (ST) is 3.67 percent in 2011 as against 3.33 percent of Census 2001.

There is a positive change observed with regard to the increase of SC and ST population. Except Jawadhu Hills, all other blocks have a considerable number of SC population, and in Jawadhu Hills, the ST population is 83.58 percent, which has reduced by 6 percent since 2001. But overall, in the district, the ST population has increased by 2.5 percent in 2011. There is a possibility of migration of the ST population to the plains in the district, which needs to be studied.